The Quests Of Araby And A Worn Path - 984 Words

The Quests in â€Å"Araby† and â€Å"A Worn Path† Both â€Å"Araby† (1914) by James Joyce, and â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty (1941) pursue life through a journey. The protagonists, Phoenix Jackson in â€Å"A Worn Path† and Joyce’s narrator in â€Å"Araby,† embark on an errand out of love. In â€Å"Araby,† Joyce’s narrator develops an infatuation for Mangan’s sister. He laments, â€Å"I had never spoken to her, except for a few casual words, and yet her name was like a summons to all my foolish blood† (Joyce 200). He volunteers to pick up something for her at the Araby bazaar, but arrives as it is closing. The empty bazaar is Joyce’s narrator’s epiphany to realize how his errand is futile and leads him to scrutinize his infatuation with Mangan’s sister. Conversely, an elderly grandmother, Phoenix Jackson, strikes out on her errand in â€Å"A Worn Path† by making her way through the woods toward Natchez. She must fetch medicine on her gran dson’s behalf which relieves his raw throat from an accident where he drank lye earlier. Phoenix overcomes numerous obstacles, even forgetting why she made the long trip, but does procure the medicine. Both Jackson and Joyce’s narrator have a mission to fulfill, but Jackson is successful, and the Narrator is not due to different maturity levels. Love is the common reason that both protagonists undertake their respective journeys that begin with hope and optimism. In â€Å"Araby,† the Narrator confesses his adoration of Mangan’s sister: â€Å"My body was like a harp and her words and

A Business Model For A Big Corporation - 837 Words

Indeed, the sharing economy known as collaborative consumption. It is a trending concept that highlights the skills for individuals to rent or borrow the goods as compared to purchase them. Without a doubt we can say that 2013 is a sharing economy year. (Forbes, 2013) The concept of the sharing economy is following below: Accommodation sharing: Airbnb has not only opened the doors for the alternative way in the perspective of travel, but it has forced cities to follow-up their housing codes and questions about housing requirement and desires. (Lee, 2013) Bike sharing: This concept defines that passing the bike to another person has maybe done more to transform the city. Car sharing: This industry begins with small business and no time became an attractive business model for a big corporation. Chart 1 shown that the car sharing economy of scale. It indicates the car share vehicles provided and parking spaces needed through chart 1 which meets the 20 care share vehicles and 800 parking spaces that level showed as car share economy of scale. (Chart 1) Meal sharing: This is very important concept of the sharing economy. Munchery and the favorite of San Francisco share by supporting, working and customer to connect with the city’s chefs. They tried to provide quality meals at home. (Campbell, 2003) Educational resource sharing: This concept of sharing cut the headaches and made it easy for teachers to promote their classes, especially those are teaching as freelancers. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Cross Boundary Disruptive Business Strategy1466 Words   |  6 PagesAs you’ll see in the next section, the above two models can be difficult to achieve if the business is already established. But there could be a third strategy, which might offer more opportunities for larger corporations. 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Applying information to financial statement - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about theApplying information to the financial statement. Answer: Profitability Ratios Gross profit percentage of sales Gross profit sales percentage of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 58%. This ratio indicates the relationship among total net sales revenue and gross profit. This serves as a vital ratio in analyzing the operational performance of the company (Batta, Ganguly and Rosett 2014). It is gathered that this ratio is high for the company in comparison to its competitor which is deemed to be favorable. Such high ratio indicates that the company has been capable enough in increasing its profitability through creating competitive product or services. This ratio serves as an important profitability measure through which the investors and analysts of Sharma and Ryan Company compare the identical companies within the overall industry. It is considered that the higher this ratio, the more the company is deemed to retain on every dollar of sales to service along with its other obligations and costs. Net profit percentage of sales Net profit percentage of sales of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 10.35%. This ratio indicates the remaining profit of the company after every expense associated with administration, production and financing after deducting from income taxes, sales those are recognized (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). Net profit of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be lesser than its competitor who indicates the current sales practices of the company are not efficient enough in generating profits through revenue. This indicates the companys decreased share price growth and increased profitability. Less net profit ratio signifies that the company is not that efficient enough in concerting its sales into profits as this is both a measure of overall business health and efficiency. The company is not that capable to generate increased profit per dollar of sales that is highly efficient. As the company has less net profit margin ratio, hence it is not that capable to survive a product line whic h does not address expectations or economic contraction period. Return on capital employed Return on capital employed of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 30.81%. This ratio indicates the ways in which the company is efficient in gathering profits from the capital employed through comparing net portraying profit with capital employed. This ratio of the company is observed to be high in comparison to its competitor who indicates that the assets of Sharma and Ryan Company are performing better in consideration to long term financing (Bruce-Twum and Mensah 2015). A higher ratio of the company signifies that increased profit dollars are generated by every dollar of capital employed. Sharma and Ryan Company attained such high ratio through having smaller dollar amount of assets and increased profits that gave high return to the company. The result of the company indicates that the organization generates high earnings per dollar capital used. A higher return on capital employed value signifies high profitability and as the organization less assets along with similar prof its as its competitors, it is deemed to have increased return value regarding return on capital employed with high profits. Efficiency Ratios Debtors payment period Debtors payment period of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 34 days. This ratio indicates maximum time taken by a business to attain payments gathered in terms of accounts receivables. This ratio for the company is observed to be high in comparison to its competitor for the reason that its average number of days is high between the credit sales date along with date payment that is attained from credit sales (Gritta and Adrangi 2014). Such high ratio is not deemed to be favorable for the reason that a short collection period indicates better receivables management and fast collection. A longer collection day of Sharma and Ryan Company indicates negative impact on short term debt paying capability. Creditors payment period Creditors payment period of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 29 days. This ratio indicates the average time taken by a company for addressing all its debts with trade suppliers or accounts payables (James, Stephen and Mark 2014). This payment period of the company is observed to be shorter in comparison to its competitor. This indicates Sharma and Ryan Companys rapid payments to its creditors that ensure the creditworthiness of the company. The company is efficient enough to anticipate the average time it takes in addressing its debts with all its trade suppliers. If the turnover ratio is falling from a period to another is an indication that an organization is taking more time in paying off its suppliers in comparison to its previous time frames. In case if any day the turnover ratio increases, then the company is observed to pay off its suppliers at a rapid pace. Rates of stock turnover Stock turnover rates of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 12 days. This ratio serves as an indicator regarding the number of times inventory is sold or employed within a specified time (Weil, Schipper and Francis 2013). Stock turnover ratio of this company is less in comparison to its competitor that signifies poor sales along with increased inventory. Such results indicate that Sharma and Ryan Company could not efficiently sell its inventory in maintaining superior business performance (Pirie et al. 2015). The company requires enhancing stock turnover ratio as a high turnover will signify that it makes profit on every sale and how fast it sells inventory through maintaining increased profit. As this ratio is less for the company it can be stated that such low ratio indicates slow moving or obsolete inventories within the stock and is a huge indicator of maintaining unnecessarily large amount of inventories signifying poor inventory management. This is for the reason that it necessitates maintaining funds that might be employed within certain business operations. A factor that is deemed to impact such ratio is the application of just-in-time inventory technique. Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio Current ratio of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 4.5:1. This ratio indicates the companys ability to pay short along with long term obligations. This ratio for the company is observed to be high in comparison to its competitor who indicates that it is capable enough to pay off its liabilities through employing its assets. A high ratio is observed which signifies sound financial health of Sharma and Ryan Company (Richard 2014). This revealed that the companys operating cycle is highly efficient that is capable to convert its products into cash. As Sharma and Ryan Company has low inventory turnover it has less chances of facing liquidity problems once it is unable to decrease such obligations. However, this ratio also indicates that based on the ways in which the companys assets are allocated, an increased ratio signifies it is not employing assets properly and not managing its working capital better (Thein 2015). As the current ratio of the company is observed to be more tha n 1, in such scenario Sharma and Ryan Company is deemed to pay all its bills on time. In addition, decreased values always do not indicate a major issue but can be of great concern for the management. This ratio provided an idea regarding the companys operating effectiveness and in case of Sharma and Ryan Company that indicates about the companys high liquidity and is a signal that it is not facing problem with getting paid on its receivable or have effective inventory turnover. This serves as a symptom that the organization is not effectively using its current assets. Acid Test Ratio Acid test ratio of Sharma and Ryan Company is observed to be 3.7:1. This ratio indicates the capability of the organization to address its current liabilities at the time they come due with just quick assets. The company is observed to have less acid test ratio in comparison to its competitor that offers a realistic view of its liquid assets (Weil, Schipper and Francis 2013). However, Sharma and Ryan Company have this ratio more than 1 that is the desired range. This indicates the company has sufficient liquid assets to address its current liabilities. The companys desirable ratio indicates that it offers a rigorous evaluation of its capability to address its current liabilities and it does the same through decreasing the liquid current assets from consideration. A low ratio of the company indicates that companys efficiency has decreased in turning its inventory within sales (Wang 2014). Financial Position or Performance Using Ratio Analysis Financial ratio analysis indicates the financial position of Sharma and Ryans Company in the initial year of its trading. Analysis of the companys business and financial performance will facilitate it in making certain decisions associated with future expansion of the business (Webb 2013). It was gathered from the analysis that gross profit ratio is high for the company in comparison to its competitor which is deemed to be favorable. Such high ratio indicates that the company has been capable enough in increasing its profitability through creating competitive product or services. Moreover, ratio analysis also revealed that creditors payment period of the company is observed to be shorter in comparison to its competitor. This indicates Sharma and Ryan Companys rapid payments to its creditors that ensure the creditworthiness of the company (Weil, Schipper and Francis 2013). In addition, companys desirable acid test ratio indicates that it offers a rigorous evaluation of its capability to address its current liabilities and it does the same through decreasing the liquid current assets from consideration. The company is observed to have high profitability ratio that makes sure of its superior business performance. This indicates the companys capability to attain profit that remains from the earned income after eliminating expenses and costs associated with income earned. Profitability ratio of Sharma and Ryans Company indicates increased capability of the company in transforming its sales dollars within profits at all the measurement stages and generates high return for its shareholders (Wimmer and Rada 2013). Efficiency ratio analysis measured how well the company employs its assets and liabilities within the organization. Results from these ratios can facilitate the company in enhancing the companys business performance along with outer creditors looking at the companys profitability operations. However, results of stock turnover indicate that Sharma and Ryan Company could not efficiently sell its inventory in maintaining superior business performance (Pirie et al. 2015). The compan y requires enhancing stock turnover ratio as a high turnover will signify that it makes profit on every sale and how fast it sells inventory through maintaining increased profit. Improved receivables turnover ratio serves as major turnover ratios employed for evaluating the business performance. Moreover, this ratio also signified that the business is highly effective in using its working capital that is blocked in by debtors. This also signifies the frequency of conversion of receivables within cash for a specific financial year that makes sure of liquidity of the receivables of Sharma and Ryan Company. Liquidity ratios analysis of Sharma and Ryan Company explained that the companys operating cycle is highly efficient that is capable to convert its products into cash. As Sharma and Ryan Company has low inventory turnover it has less chances of facing liquidity problems once it is unable to decrease such obligations (Weil, Schipper and Francis 2013). This ratio signifies that the company must be careful regarding its risk of bankruptcy and how many times it can address its debt obligations relied on assets. Considering such results, the company is recommended to sell its inventory in order to pay its short term debt without selling its inventory. References Batta, G., Ganguly, A. and Rosett, J., 2014. Financial statement recasting and credit risk assessment.Accounting Finance,54(1), pp.47-82. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Bruce-Twum, E. and Mensah, C.C., 2015. Financial Statement Analysis. Gritta, R.D. and Adrangi, B., 2014. The Use of Bankruptcy Forecasting Models in Teaching Applied Ratio Analysis in Investment and Financial Statement Analysis Courses. James, W.M., Stephen, B.P. and Mark, B.T., 2014. Financial Reporting, Financial Statement analysis, and Valuation-A Strategic Perspective, 8.Edition, Cengage Learning. Pirie, W.L., Broihahn, M.A., Robinson, T.R. and Henry, E., 2015. International Financial Statement Analysis Workbook. Richard, P., 2014. The Role of the Accounting Rate of Return in Financial Statement Analysis.The Continuing Debate Over Depreciation, Capital and Income (RLE Accounting),67(2), p.235. Thein, M., 2015. Teaching financial statement analysis: a discussion on pedagogy. Wang, C., 2014. Accounting standards harmonization and financial statement comparability: Evidence from transnational information transfer.Journal of Accounting Research,52(4), pp.955-992. Webb, S., 2013. 350-01 Financial Statement Analysis. Weil, R.L., Schipper, K. and Francis, J., 2013.Financial accounting: an introduction to concepts, methods and uses. Cengage Learning. Wimmer, H. and Rada, R., 2013. Applying information technology to financial statement analysis for market capitalization prediction.

Understanding child and young person development from birth to 19 years free essay sample

More co-ordinated; running, hopping, kicking a ball, using larger equipment. More control over fine motor skills: writing, using a cup, drawing and cutting. Continuing to grow, Develop and refine skills. Start to have hobbies; sport, dance, acting etc. Able to make controlled fine movements; drawing, sewing, playing an instrument, drawing. Girls may start early signs of puberty from 10 yrs onwards. Boys; puberty normally begins later on. Growing stronger. Boys start puberty and many girls will have regular periods. Variance in height/ strength. On average most boys are taller than most girls at the end of this stage. Become adults, girls may have reached physical maturity; boys will continue to grow and change until their mid 20s. 2. INTELLECTUAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: Depends greatly on extent of their own experiences and opportunities they are given from the earliest stages. Children learn in a variety of ways and will some particular tasks easier than others due to their own abilities and strengths. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding child and young person development from birth to 19 years or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some theories of cognitive development, which are important to bear in mind which thinking about stages of learning include: †¢Albert Bandura: ‘Social learning theory’; he believed children watch others, in particular adults and role models, and copy what they do – positive and negative behaviour. †¢Jean Piaget: children pass through different stages of learning; he believed the way children think and learn is governed by their age and stage of development, because learning is based on experience. As children’s experiences change, they adapt what they believe. Children need ot extend their experiences in order to extend their leaning. AGESTAGE OF LEARNINGCHARACTERISTICS 0 -2 yrs Sensory motor stagestart to find out about the world around them; discover what things around them can do 2 – 6 yrs . Pre-operational stageStart to develop thought processes and use symbolic play. Find it easier to learn when they can see and use practical examples 6 – 11 yrs Concrete operations stageAble to think on more abstract level. Can use more abstract concepts. 12 YRS +Formal operationsAble to apply what they have learned to new situations. †¢B.F Skinner: ‘Positive reinforcement’; he believed children learn best through positive experiences. We will repeat experiences that are enjoyable and avoid those that are not. †¢Lev Vygotsky: ‘Zone of Proximal Development’; he believed that children need adults to support them in their learning in order to extend their learning†¦He said; children cannot learn as m uch without adults and others helping them. 0 – 3 YRS3 – 7 YRS 7 – 11 YRS12 – 16 YRS16 – 19 YRS Babies: start to look at the world around them, enjoy repetitive activities in which they can predict the outcome. Start to understand that objects are still there even when hidden, learn to recognise different items, can point to them. May start to recognise colours. Numeracy, reading and writing skills start to develop. Continue to learn about their world. Still look for adult approval. Becoming fluent in reading and writing skills. Developing their own thoughts and preferences, ideas about activities they enjoy, able to transfer information and think in a more abstract way. Begin to recognise their favourite activities and subjects; normally motivated in them. May lack confidence or avoid when doing less popular subjects. Selecting GCSEs. Need to feel good about themselves and want to belong. Thinking about career/university choices based on their chosen subjects. Able to focus on areas of strength; look forward to continuing to develop these as they move on. 3. COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT: 0 – 3 YRS3 – 7 YRS 7 – 12 YRS12 – 19 YRS Babies enjoy listening and interaction with those around them communication, songs and games. Most try to speak at approx 12 months. If neglected as babies and not spent time with adults, they find it difficult to learn effective communication skills. 1-2 yrs: start to put words together, vocabulary increases, by 2 yrs most have approx 200 words. 2 – 3 yrs: start to use negatives and plurals in speech, vocabulary increases rapidly but they still make grammatical errors. Become more social and have wider experiences. Ask lots of questions, use increasing number of familiar phrases and expressions, more able to talk in past and future tenses. Most children will be fluent speakers and will continue to refine and develop reading and writing skills, able to think about and communicate the ideas. Continue to develop language, reading, writing, Communications skills. 4. SOCIAL, BEHAVIOURAL AND MORAL: How children and young people feel about themselves and relate to others. Need to learn how to have confidence. Become independent of adults as they grow older and begin to make their way in the world. 0 – 3 YRS3 – 7 YRS7 – 12 YRS12 – 16 YEARS16 – 19 YRS Start to find out about own identities. Need to form strong attachment; with parent, carers or nursery ‘key worker’. Frustration tantrums may begin. Will start to want/need to be doing for themselves. Continue to develop their identities, start playing with peers, use imaginative play/role-play. Need to understand the importance of boundaries and respond well to responsibilities e. g. class helpers. Adult approval is needed. Friendships become increasingly settled, with groups of friends. Need/enjoy the chance to solve problems and do activities independently. Increasingly aware of what others may think of them. Continue to need encouragement and praise. Self-esteem may be vulnerable. Bodies take on signs of adulthood. Want adult independence; still require some advice. Spend more time with friends of own age. Can continue to display childish behaviour. May feel pressure to grow up and higher expectations. May be unsure how to behave in different situations. Entering adulthood, may still need adult advice /guidance. Varied experience, emotional maturity and methods of social interaction. BEST PRACTICE CHECKLIST FOR SUPPORTING SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, BEHAVIOURAL AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT: †¢Be approachable/give your full attention. †¢Fair and firm boundaries with explanations. †¢Ensure they feel valued; give praise and encouragement. †¢Give chance to develop independence. †¢Be aware of each child’s overall development. †¢Be sensitive to their needs. †¢Encouragement to think about the needs of others. †¢Be a good role model. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEQUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT AND RATE OF DEVELOPMENT: While children usually follow the same Pattern of development; the ages at which they reach each milestone will vary as all children are unique: RATE OF DEVELOPMENT: usual time frame in which development occurs. SQUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT: usual order in which development occurs.

Free sample - Dyslexia. translation missing

Dyslexia. DyslexiaIntroduction This paper defines visual dyslexia, giving its possible causes. It also sates the effects to the patient who are in most cases children stressing that it is not a disease but an impairment that cannot be treated. Visual dyslexia Visual dyslexia can be defined as a pathological reading difficulty caused by a visual impairment.   It is having difficulty in reading and comprehending text due to visual problems. The patient makes frequent visually based errors more especially in word recognition despite being able to name the component. The patient with these difficulties are said to be visual dyslexics, visuospatial dyslexics or dyseidetic dyslexics. The patient these reading and spelling patterns portray the following visual processing weaknesses. The word dyslexia was derived from the Greek word dys meaning poor or inadequate and lexis meaning works or language (Cardon L. 1994). Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by problems in expressive, receptive, oral or written language. Problems come up in reading, spelling, writing, speaking and listening. Dyslexia is not a disease and it has no cure. It describes a different kind of mind that learns differently. It is not the result of low intelligence or the problem of intelligence. Dyslexia is not a visual problem but it is a language problem. Dyslexia results from differences in the structure and function of the brain. The patient lack the ability to organize or position the way something is seen, confuse shapes, order of letters, and are not able to focus on a specific object for a long period of time. For instance, a child can confuse the shape of a triangle for a square or see the word bat and read the letters backward which results in them seeing tab. Other paralexia (mistakes made by person with visual dyslexia) include saccade (word scanning by series of fixations and fast eye movement) ambiguou s consonants, phonetic value to silent graphemic consonants, vowel digraphs, consonant clusters, shift stress of words, neologisms (new word), loss of syllable and consonants misplaced. Deep dyslexia is a complex reading disorder caused by brain damage in which the symptom is the occupancy of semantic errors in single word (Cardon L. 1994). Causes Photon energies that is specific to hypersensitive individuals induce within the eye’s photopic photoreceptors the conditions that create dyslexic-type visual abnormalities, and that those photon energies can be effectively suppressed before they reach the visual system of susceptible individuals. Dyslexic individuals often experience symptomatic relief when treated with specific colored transparent overlays. Photon energies specific to hypersensitive individuals, induce within the eye’s photopic photoreceptors the conditions that create dyslexic-type visual abnormalities. Photon energies can be suppressed before they reach the visual system of susceptible individuals. Dyslexic patient experience symptomatic relief when treated with specific colored transparent overlays (Michael C. 2004). Paraletic errors are attributed to a dysfunction of the visual analysis system in the dual route parallel model of reading. Studies that have shown that visual dyslexia runs throughout families and is passed on to many children genetically.   A statistical geneticist found evidence that a gene for dyslexia sits on chromosome number six, which is one of the twenty-three chromosomes (Cardon, 1994). Dr. Glen Rosen, a Harvard neuroscientist explained that nerve cells within the left hemisphere of the brain appear smaller than in the right hemisphere. This difference in size of nerve cells throw off the timing of the brain and disrupt its crucial word processing skills, Dr. Albert Balaburda, a neurologist from Harvard postulated that the brain of dyslexic people are bombarded with tiny lesions and out-of-place cells which explains that the core of the problem may live in the machinery that controls prenatal development. Neurologist and researcher of dyslexia broke down the disorder into three different subtypes to establish a technique to teach children with different degrees of dyslexia. The first subtype is known as dysphonetic dyslexia. When these children read, they insert or delete letters and syllables. In dyseidetic dyslexia, the patient can not recognize words as a whole and seem to read very slowly. Lastly, mixed dyslexia and children with this subtype experience both dys phonetic and dysedetic dyslexia; furthermore, mixed dyslexia causes these children more academic failure than any other known subtype. Bakker’s three subtypes were linguistic, perceptual, and mixed dyslexia. Linguistic dyslexia referred to a child s ability to read fast; however many mistakes were present because the child omitted and added letters and syllables. This is similar to Border’s dysphonetic dyslexia. Secondly, perceptual dyslexia exists when a child reads accurately yet slowly. Bakker’s third subtype (mixed dyslexia) is comparable to Boder’s mixed dyslexia since they both are a combination of the first and second subtypes. There are three approaches for treating dyslexic patients and they include the developmental, corrective, and remedial approach. The developmental approach suggests that teachers should instruct in small groups or individually because extra time and attention is necessary for some dyslexic children. The corrective approach also takes place in small or individual groups allowing the child to explore special interests so that the children can rely on their own special abilities in order to overcome difficulties. In the remedial approach, it is considered important to determine the skills that are most difficult and then apply individualized Effects on a student The different motor functions involved in normal reading like eye scanning, fixations and saccades performed to integrate fovea images is disrupted as a result of an acquired lesion to the right or left hemisphere of the eye. Conclusion Visual dyslexia is often inherited through genes. It can be caused by early ear infections as well. There are three approaches for treating dyslexic patients and they include the developmental, corrective, and remedial approach.   References: Boder E. (1973) .Developmenal dyslexia: a diagnostic approach based on three atypical reading-spelling patterns. Cardon L. (1994). Acquired dyslexia. Michael C. (2004). Photon Induced Visual Abnormalities (PIVA) and Visual Dyslexia.

Conference and banqueting management Assignment

Conference and banqueting management - Assignment Example The emergence of banqueting and conference sector has resulted in the generation of huge employment in the entire U.K. The scope of hospitality industry in U.K. is very high. It has been recorded that the UK hospitality sector has generated employment for more than 1.6 million people. In Britain the hospitality industries play a crucial role towards the growth of employment as it is the third largest sector that provides employment. Most of the places in UK are also famous tourist spots and this factor attracts many people to the countries. The hotel and banqueting sector has helped to receive foreign capitals from tourists and business owners. It is clear that conference and banqueting companies have great advantages but there are some issues that are affecting the sustainability of the sector in UK. For example, the Venice Carnival has resulted in the increase of the level of pollution in the lagoons and the Adriatic Sea. The traffic and crowd control has increased the expenses of the government drastically. This factor has affected the banqueting business as government has initiated policies to protect the environment and water and reduce the pollution level by imposing some restrictions on people and banqueting businesses. Most of the catering companies act as a third party to the hotels and the restaurants. The catering companies also allow their employees to participate in events organized in hotels or private get-togethers and parties. In the modern world the catering business has received huge attention from people because the catering companies are easy to hire and they are capable of performing high standard service for costumers. Conference and banqueting managers and assistants offer their service to every customer during the progression of events and private functions such as parties, weddings, dinners, business functions, trainings, product launches and presentations. The business organizations prefer to hire the banqueting

Potential Possibilities and the Limitations Involved in Formal Essay

Potential Possibilities and the Limitations Involved in Formal Theories of Quantification for Natural Language - Essay Example Jon Barwise and John Etchemendy in Language Proof and Logic give a very understandable argument as to the reasons for quantifiers and the reasons they are not always accurate in their use. A very pertinent consideration for their argument starts out their ninth chapter in Language Proof and Logic by saying, "In English and other natural languages, basic sentences are made by combining noun phrases and verb phrases." (1. Chapter 9 page 227, Language Proof and Logic.) The consideration continues further in that Barwise and Etchemendy contend that, "Quantification takes us out of the realm of truth-functional connectives." (2. Chapter 9 page 227, Language Proof and Logic.) This gives us reason for the consideration that quantifiers are not always the most useful method for determining natural language tendencies. Quantifiers, according to Barwise and Etchemendy, have a tendency to dull the truthfulness of sentences giving them a generalisation that may not bear an ounce of truth within them. In the case of first-order logic, the process assumes that there would be an infinite list of variables so there would be no possible way to run out of these variables, regardless of a sentence's complexity. Theorists like Fitch would understand all of these separate variables involved, of which there are many, but others like Tarski's World would not, in that Tarski's World uses six in place of infinite variables as Fitch would manage. This would in fact present a rather expressive limitation in Tarski's World of language use. Expanding the set of terms of language usually means adding variables to it. At this point, only individual consonants, also known as names would be considered the sole amount of basic terms. Obviously, first-order logic, in the eyes of Barwise and Etchemendy believe a complex series of quantifiers is necessary to describe natural language. They consider universal and existential quantifiers in their equations. Universal quantifiers are those that are all enc ompassing and ultimately considered unconditional. Existential quantifiers are more limiting in scope in giving a value but not a limitless value toward the quantification. W. Tecumseh Fitch, from the University of St. Andrew's School of Psychology wrote a treatise titled The Evolution of Language: A Comparative Review. Fitch says in his work that the study of language evolution is often considered little more than speculative story-telling. Fitch further states that this has actually had little to do with the development of many fields which would touch upon it. Those fields include linguistics, evolutionary biology and neuroscience. Over the last fifteen years increasingly productive study of language evolution has occurred in various different quarters and there is far more collaboration and exchange in relation to this increasing study. There in fact would be three key innovations which should be explained in language evolution. The first critical step would be to distinguish among the various component abilities in languages. Mechanisms that are both